Strategic Indicators

National Data Strategy

National Data Strategy

A strategy designed to increase the provision, use, and re-use of various types of data in adherence with national norms and laws. Most such plans cover data as a commercial asset, and some strategies address data as a public good.

Public Administration Strategy

Public Administration Strategy

A strategy that delineates how the government will collect, share, protect and control data funded, collected, and controlled by governmental entities.

AI Strategy

AI Strategy

A strategy that outlines how a nation can build and/or maintain its ability to create and utilize AI for commercial as well as societal use.

Strategy for Data in Emerging Digital Ecosystems

Strategy for Data in Emerging Digital Ecosystems

A strategy that outlines how a nation can utilize various data-driven technologies for economic and societal benefit. The strategy emphasizes the importance of data governance to the achievement of this goal.

AI Strategy

Personal Data Protection Law

Personal Data Protection Law

Laws that delineate how private and often public entities are required to treat personal information when these entities collect, store, utilize and monetize personal data.

Open Data Law for the proactive release of government information

Open Data Law for the proactive release of gvmt. information

Laws that require governmental bodies to make the bulk of public sector data freely available, easy to use, distribute and reuse, subject to limited exceptions, in a proactive manner rather than at the request of citizens.

Freedom of Information Act

Freedom of Information Act

Laws designed to ensure that upon request, citizens can access government documents.

Right to be protected from Automated Decision-Making

Right to be protected from Automated Decision-Making

Laws designed to provide individuals with a legal right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated means and/or to be profiled by such systems.

Right of Data Portability

Right of Data Portability

Some laws provide individuals with the legal right to receive one’s personal data from a data controller and have it transferred to other controllers in a structured, machine-readable format.

Regulatory Indicators

Responsible Indicators

Data Charter

Data Charter

A grant of authority or rights from the government that delineates a set of principles designed to build trust and signal users that their human rights will be protected as they go online.

Public Sector Data Ethics Framework

Public Sector Data Ethics Framework

Framework or guidelines for public servants to deal with data ethically and responsibly in the course of their work.

Responsible AI Initiatives

Responsible AI Initiatives

Set of principles and/or framework issued by a gvmt. body outlining how officials can promote/utilize AI in an ethical, accountable, and human rights-respecting manner. Includes algorithmic accountability policy initiatives, including broad array of frameworks, principles, laws, and reports.

Trust Framework for Digital Identity Management

Trust Framework for Digital Identity Management

Framework or guidelines that establish rules for providing digital identity services, to ensure that people's information is safe and secure and to ensure that such systems are built on trust and human rights protection.

Guidelines for non-governmental data sharing

Guidelines for non-governmental data sharing

Guidance or toolbox created by a government as to how nongovernmental entities can share data in different contexts.

Personal Data Protection Body

Personal Data Protection Body

An institutional structure accountable for the governance and protection of personal data in society. This structure is typically established by the country’s personal data law and is responsible for enforcing it.

Open Data Portal

Open Data Portal

An online government platform which enables users to access collections of government data that have been opened for public re-use.

Open Data Coordinating Body

Open Data Coordinating Body

Institutionalized body or oversight committee responsible for coordinating the opening of governmental data sets to the public.

Public Sector Data Governance Body

Public Sector Data Governance Body

Institutionalized body responsible for coordinating public sector data assets to extract or exploit the value of data in the public sector. Often responsible for supporting data sharing among governmental entities; managing digital identity programs and/or base registry programs.

Structural Indicators

Participatory Indicators

Public Consultation on Data

Public Consultation on Data

Government has formally asked for public comment on data-related legislation, strategies, or policies.

Government Response to Consultation

Government Response to Consultation

Government official or body has recorded public comment and directly responded to stakeholder inputs in an official document.

Multistakeholder Advisory Body

Multistakeholder Advisory Body

A formal, ongoing consultative body that advises and works with the government on data governance issues. Requires a diverse group of stakeholders as members, including from the public and/or civil society.

Convention 108+

Convention 108+

A binding convention (treaty) developed by the Council of Europe to protect personal data which was updated to accommodate digital technologies. It includes rules governing sensitive data such as genetic or biometric data. Each Party has to adopt in its domestic law the measures necessary to give effect to the provisions of the Convention.

Open Government Partnership

Open Government Partnership

A voluntary international partnership that requires member states to advance open government principles and cooperate with citizens on issues of open government.

OECD AI Principles

OECD AI Principles

The OECD AI Principles are a set of voluntary principles designed to promote use of AI that is innovative and trustworthy and that respects human rights and democratic values. It was first adopted only by the 38 OECD members, but as of May 2022, some 60 countries say they adhere to these principles.

Binding Trade Agreements on Cross-Border Data Flows

Binding Trade Agreements on Cross-Border Data Flows

Trade agreement with binding provisions governing cross border data flows. Under such provision, the signatories must allow the free flow of data for covered persons across borders with legitimate exceptions to achieve essential domestic policy purposes such as protecting public health. 

Budapest Convention

Budapest Convention

The convention developed by the Council of Europe is the first international treaty on crimes committed via the Internet and other computer networks, dealing particularly with infringements of copyright, computer-related fraud, child pornography and violations of network security.

International Indicators